HE GC-MS ANALYSIS OF ACETONE EXTRACT OF THE ROOT BARK OF GREWIA MOLLIS WITH THE TLC ANALYSIS, ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF ITS SOLVENT - SOLVENT FRACTIONS

Medicinal plants are a source of biologically important compounds, which play an important part in the observed therapeutic uses of different plants. Grewia mollis is a well-known medicinal plant among the Bura people of Borno state, and have been used by folk lore in the treatment of various diseases. These work look at the GC-MS analysis of the acetone extract of the root bark of Grewia mollis obtained from soxhlet extraction with the TLC analysis, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of its solvent – solvent fractions. The GC-Ms was analyzed on Shimadazu GC-MS QP 2010 equipped with flame ionization detector while the TLC was virtualized using Merck silica gel F254 plates. The antimicrobial activity was determined using disc agar diffusion, the qualitative antioxidant using DPPH while the cytotoxicity was determined using brine shrimp method.The GC-MS result showed there were sixteen compounds in the acetone extract while the chloroform fraction had the highest percentage recovery from the solvent-solvent extraction and carbon tetrachloride was the least recovered. EMW was the best eluting solvent while hexane was the fraction with the highest components. The hexane and carbon tetrachloride fraction inhibited the growth of two organisms each while the remaining fractions inhibited the growth of three organisms each. The brine shrimp cytotoxicity assays shows that three of the fractions chloroform fraction with LD50 of 9.05µgm/ml, carbon tetrachloride with LD50 of 31.36 µgm/ml, and n-butanol with LD50 of 65.97µgm/ml were highly active and the remaining moderately active, while carbon tetrachloride and chloroform fractions showed moderate antioxidant activity.