Submission is open for November 2024, Call for papers Volume 06, Issue 11, November 2024, Open Access; Peer Reviewed Journal; Fast Publication. The Journal is welcoming original Research Articles, Book Reviews, Commentaries, Reviewed Articles, Technical Notes Please you can reach us if you have any queries send email to: editor@journalijisr.com

ETUDES DE LA DEHISCENCE DES 07 VARIETES DE SOJA DANS LES CONDITIONS CLIMATIQUES DU NORD-CAMEROUN

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Author: 
* H SADOU, G RONGOUMI, Y AMADOU, O NJOYA, BWANG-BARA, D SAIFOULLAH
Country: 
Cameroon
Volume & Issue: 
Volume 05, Issue 05, May 2023
Page No: 
4501-4505
Abstract: 

La différence variétale de déhiscence des gousses chez 07 variétés de soja composées de 03 variétés de court cycle et de 04 variétés de long cycle a été examinée en vue de les diffuser dans la région. La déhiscence des gousses de ces différentesvariétés a été examinée selon 2 méthodes : au champ (méthode de dépistageau champ) pendant 30 jours à des intervalles de 2 jours pour chacune des variétés, 4 jours après leur date théorique de maturité ; et à l’étuve (méthode de l’étuve) à des températures de 35°C, 45°C et 50°C pendant 9 jours à raison de 3 jours d’observation pour chaque température. Il s’en est sorti que parmiles variétés de court cycle, les observations au champ ont montré que la variété TGX 1987 34F est plus résistante à la déhiscence(environ 13% de perte) que les variétés TGX 2001 10DM (60% de perte)et Houla1 (36% de perte) à 15 jours après la date théorique de récolte,elle aussi la plus résistante à la déhiscence sous l’effet de la température que les variétés. Toutefois,après 30 jours d’observation, toutes ces 03 variétés ont perdu pratiquement 100% de leurs graines par déhiscence des gousses. Parmi les variétés de long cycle, elles se sont distinguées par une déhiscence élevée de leurs gousses (environ 20% de pertes) dans les premiers 10 jours après la date théorique de récolte due à une tension pluviométrique en fin de cycle et qui s’est stabilisée après. Toutefois, parmi elles, la variété Soungpoung (49,34%) offre une bonne résistance à la déhiscence des gousses que les variétés Jenguma (54,34%), Afayak (57%) après 30 jours après la date théorique de récolte. Les variétés Sounpoung et Jenguma ont une meilleure résistance à la déhiscence due aux hausses de température selon les résultats de l’étuve.La variété TGX 1910 14F quant à elle offre une mauvaise résistance à la déhiscence tant au champ qu’à l’étuve par rapport aux 3 autres variétés. En somme, les deux méthodes utilisées pour l’évaluation de la déhiscence des gousses de 7 variétés ont permis de ressortir les comportements de ces derniers vis-à-vis de la déhiscence de leurs gousses, ainsi donc permettre aux paysans l’organisation des chantiers de leurs récoltes en fonction du choix variétale à cultiver.

KeyWords: 
Variétés, Déhiscence, Gousses, Observation, North-Cameroun.