La dépendance de l’Afrique de l’ouest aux incidences accrues des aléas hydro-climatiques extrêmes augmente la vulnérabilité des différentes activités socio- économiques face aux risques qui en découlent. Cette recherche contribue à une meilleure connaissance de la vulnérabilité des activités socio-économiques aux risques hydro-climatiques dans le bassin béninois de la Pendjari. L’approche méthodologique utilisée a consisté en la collecte et au traitement des données pluviométrique et hydrologique sur la période allant de 1965 à 2017. Cela a donc permis de caractériser les risques hydro-climatiques dans le bassin versant à travers l’analyse de la vulnérabilité interannuelle des hauteurs de pluies et des débits maximaux journaliers à l’aide du model PEIR. Les différents résultats obtenus suites aux traitements des données révèlent que le bassin versant de la Pendjari est soumis à des risques hydro-climatiques dont les majeurs perçues par les populations sont les inondations (82,56%), les poches de sécheresse (68,25%), les érosions routières (35,22%), les vents violents (46,74%), le démarrage tardif des pluies (18,62%) et la fin précoce des pluies (42,11%). Les acteurs les plus exposés sont les paysans (76%), les commerçants (tes) et transformateurs (trices) avec un indice d’exposition de 60%. La survenance de ces évènements cause assez de dégâts socio-économiques aux systèmes naturels et humains. De ce fait, il urge d’adopter des mesures pour augmenter la résilience de ces évènements et rendre efficace les mesures d’adaptation déjà prises par les producteurs.
IMPACTS DE LA MANIFESTATION DES ALEAS HYDROCLIMATIQUES SUR LES ACTIVITES SOCIOECONOMIQUES DANS LE BASSIN VERSANT DE LA PENDJARI AU BENIN
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Country:
Bénin
Volume & Issue:
Volume 05, Issue 07, July 2023
Page No:
4883-4888
Abstract:
KeyWords:
Bassin-Pendjari, Risques hydro-climatiques, vulnérabilité, activités socioéconomiques.