Submission is open for November 2024, Call for papers Volume 06, Issue 12, December 2024, Open Access; Peer Reviewed Journal; Fast Publication. The Journal is welcoming original Research Articles, Book Reviews, Commentaries, Reviewed Articles, Technical Notes Please you can reach us if you have any queries send email to: editor@journalijisr.com

A HYPOTHESIS ABOUT THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICOF THE GALILEAN SATELLITES OF JUPITER

×

Error message

  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type int in element_children() (line 6609 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
  • Deprecated function: implode(): Passing glue string after array is deprecated. Swap the parameters in drupal_get_feeds() (line 394 of /home3/ijcsrd79/public_html/journalijisr.com/includes/common.inc).
Author: 
*Revaz Chigladze
Country: 
Georgia
Volume & Issue: 
Volume 06, Issue 07, July 2024
Page No: 
6736-6737
Abstract: 

Since 1981, the E. Kharadze Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory has been conducting polarimetric (P) and photometric (M) observations of Jupiter's Galilean moons with telescopes of different diameters (40-cm and 125-cm), as well as polarimeter Automatic Scanning Electron Polarimeter (ASEP)-78, the latest generation photometer with polarimeter and modern light receiver Santana Barbara Instrument Group (SBIG). As it turns out from the analysis of the observed material, parameters P and M depend on: α, the phase angle of the moon (satellite); L, the orbital latitude of the moon (satellite); λ, the wavelength, and t, the period of observation, i.e., P = P (α, L, λ, t), and similarly: M = M (α, L, λ, t). Based on the analysis of the obtained results, we get: The magnitude of the degree of polarization of Jupiter's Galilean moons near the opposition significantly differs from zero. Europa appears to have the most uniform surface, and Callisto has the least. Time variations are most characteristic of Io, which confirms the presence of volcanic activity on its surface. Based on the observed materials, it can be seen that the intensity of light reflected from the front hemisphere of the first three moons:Io, Europa, and Ganymede, is less than the intensity of light reflected from the rear hemisphere, while the picture with Callisto is opposite. The paper provides an explanation of this fact.

KeyWords: 
Galilean moons, polarization, degree of polarization, photometry, front and rear hemispheres.