ETUDE PHYTOCHIMIQUE ET ACTIVITÉ DIURÉTIQUEDE TROIS PLANTES UTILISÉES DANS LE TRAITEMENT TRADITIONNELDE L’HYPERTENSION ARTÉRIELLE : BALANITES AEGYPTIACA (L) DEL, PILIOSTIGMARETICULATUM (DC), HOCHST, BAUHINIA RUFESCENS (LAM)

In Africa, the plants used as a first resort in the management of many ailments. Balanites aegyptiaca, Piliostigmareticulatum, Bauhinia rufescens are commonly used in Mali to prevent various metabolic disturbances due to high blood pressure. Thus, this work was undertaken to study the phytochemistry and to evaluate the diuretic activity of these plants. Conventional screening methods have been used to search for secondary metabolites. The potentieldiuretic of the extracts was determined after oral administration of saline to rats. The aqueous extracts of these three plants show their richness in secondary metabolites such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids among others. The three plants are also shown comparable diuretic activity (1.02; 0.99 and 1.05 respectively for Balanites aegyptiaca, Piliostigmareticulatum, Bauhinia rufescens) against 1. 96 for Furosemide and 1.21 for acetazolamide. The results obtained during this research could justify the use of the three plants for the traditional treatment of high blood pressure.