EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CT ASPECTS OF CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES OF KIDNEYS AND URINARY TRACT

Aim of the study: Our study aimed to evaluate the importance of CT in the diagnosis of congenital abnormalities of kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT). Material and methods: This is a retrospective and prospective study focused on CAKUT. The study took place in the radiology and medical imaging department of the General Reference Hospital of Niamey over a period of 40 months from December 29, 2017 from April 28, 2021. Results: In 40 months, we recorded 106 cases of CAKUT, which makes a frequency of 31.8 cases/year. The average age of our patients was 40.8±19.8 years. The most represented age group was 16 to 30 years old and comprised 25.5% (n=27) of patients. There was a slight male predominance at 51.9% (n=47). The malformations were onesided in 75.5% (n=80) of cases and were located on the left side in 58.8% (n=47) of cases. The pyelo-ureteral jonctionsyndrom (PUJS) was the most common type with 45.3% (n=48) of cases. In 50.9% (n=54) the malformations were suspected on ultrasound, they were discovered by a reaveling sign in 18.9% (n=20) of cases. Low back pain was the most common telltale sign in 17% (n=18) of cases. Urolithiasis were the most frequent complication in 19 patients. Conclusion: CAKUT are frequent in Niger. Delay in diagnosis of these conditions can lead to complications that may affect the fonctional prognosis of the urinary system. Hence the interest in emphasizing early detection and regular monitoring of these malformations.