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METHODE DE PRODUCTION ET GESTION DES SEMENCES CEREALIERES PRODUITS DANS LA REGION DE L’EXTREME-NORD, CAMEROUN: LOCALITY DE GAZAWA

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Author: 
*B Wang-Bara, A Fatoumata, D Haicha, P Kaouvon, A Goudom, G Sobda, P. D Sakatai
Country: 
Cameroun
Volume & Issue: 
Volume 05, Issue 03, March 2023
Page No: 
4238-4243
Abstract: 

Une étude visant à appréhender les différentes méthodes de production et de gestion des semences de céréales a été menée dans la localité de Gazawa, région de l’Extrême-Nord/Cameroun. L’objectif a été d’évaluer l’approche de gestion utilisée par les producteurs de la filière semencière. Sur la base d’une méthodologie de Focus groupe et d’interview, un échantillon de cinquante individus a été soumis à une fiche d’enquête à questions ouvertes et fermées.A l’issu de l’enquête menée, il résulte qu’au total 6 variétés de maïs (CMS-9015, CMS-8806, CMS-8501, CMS-8704, TZEE-W et EVDT) et 6 variétés de sorgho (CS-54, CS-61, CS-95, Damougari, S-35 et Zouaye) sont vulgarisés et multipliées à grande échelle. Les variétés EVDT de maïs et CS-95, CS-61, Damougari du sorgho ne sont plus multipliées. Les techniques de diversité variétale,d’isolement des parcelles et les rotations de culturespermettent une bonne production et gestion des semences céréalières. L’unique variété de riz recensée a été la Nerica3 et 25 collections de mil pennicilaire venant du Nord et l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun, de l’ICRISAT et l’INERA sont en cours de vulgarisation. Les variétés locales Sectaire (22,85 %), Dadoudou (11,42%), Farigawa, Salié, Viri de 8,57%, le maïs local blanc (5,71%) et le Panar (2,85%) sont les plus appréciées et cultivées par les paysans pour leurs propriétés organoleptiques, leurs valeurs nutritives et leurs productivités.Les semences locales des paysans sont obtenues par sélection massale (82,85 %) en champ.

KeyWords: 
Production, Gestion, Semences, Céréales, Extrême-nord.