STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE AND UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent epidemic of the 21st century. Prevalence of GI symptoms in CKD ranges from 70% to 79%[2] CKD patients with GI symptoms have higher incidence of gastrointestinal abnormalities than those without symptoms[3] Uremic milieu is associated with upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and GI bleeding responsible for hospitalization in patients with kidney impairment thereby increasing morbidity and mortality.[4] This study was done to study the upper gastrointestinal changes early in the course of CKD and assessing the need for early endoscopic therapeutic intervention and thereby decrease mortality in these patients. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study conducted on 80 patients with CKD Stage 3-5 admitted to the hospitals attached to BMCRI from Nov 2019 to May 2021. Detailed History with necessary investigations was collected and Upper GI endoscopy done in all and data was analyzed. Results: The age varied from 19 years to 67 years with majority of patients (35% being in the age group of 46 to 55 years.) Most prevalent symptoms were nausea (74%), vomiting(54%) and Anorexia (43%). Other symptoms present in patients were Pain in abdomen (19%) Heart Burn (14%), Hiccups (13%)) and GI Bleeding (0.3%). As CKD stages advanced abnormal endoscopic findings increased. Conclusion: Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms had higher incidence of gastrointestinal abnormalities when compared to those without symptoms. Stomach more commonly involved than Oesophageal and duodenum. Erosive disease was more common. Prevalence increases with the severity of the CKD.