ADVANCING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTIONS: A 10-YEAR STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE DISPOSAL AND RECYCLING OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERIES

Aims: The aim of this paper is to propose a ten-year strategic framework that addresses the challenges of electric vehicle (EV) battery waste disposal and recycling. The framework seeks to incorporate innovative renewable power solutions, advanced recycling technologies, lifecycle assessment methodologies, and policy measures to ensure environmentally sound disposal and recycling practices. Study design: This paper presents a conceptual framework, which outlines a long-term, strategic approach for tackling the environmental and logistical challenges associated with EV battery waste. The framework is designed to guide key stakeholders, such as policymakers, scholars, and industry leaders, in the creation of sustainable solutions for EV battery recycling. Methodology: The methodology involves analyzing current EV battery waste management practices and proposing advanced recycling technologies, lifecycle assessment approaches, and circular supply chain strategies. The study emphasizes the integration of renewable energy sources to power recycling facilities and focuses on optimizing material recovery processes. Industrial partnerships are also emphasized as a key component of the strategy. Results: The study found that emerging recycling technologies, such as hydrometallurgy, can recover up to 95% of critical materials from EV batteries, but scalability and cost remain challenges. Facilities powered by renewable energy, such as solar and wind, can reduce carbon footprints by 30–40%. Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) revealed that improper disposal of EV batteries poses environmental risks, including heavy metal contamination, which efficient recycling can mitigate. While initial infrastructure investments are high, recovered materials like lithium and cobalt offer potential revenue, supporting the long-term financial viability of recycling. The absence of standardized regulations and the need for policies like Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) were identified as barriers to progress. Conclusion: The strategic framework provided in this paper offers practical solutions for managing EV battery waste and recycling. It highlights the importance of collaboration between industries, policymakers, and researchers to ensure long-term sustainability in EV battery management. This approach is essential to achieving the global goal of renewable energy and reducing carbon emissions.