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EVALUATION DE LA GESTION DES DÉCHETS MÉDICAUX DES MÉNAGES DANS LA ZONE DE SANTÉ DE KANANGA, EN RD CONGO

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Author: 
BEYA NGINDU Vincent, MULAJI KYELA Crispin, *NIENIE BWABITULU Alexis, KAYEMBE MPUTU John
Country: 
République Démocratique du Congo
Volume & Issue: 
Volume 06, Issue 10, October 2024
Page No: 
7101-7108
Abstract: 

Les déchets médicaux sont difficiles à gérer dans un établissement sanitaire, exigent des infrastructures et du matériel appropriés, une main d’œuvre et des connaissances adéquates. Ils ne peuvent donc pas être bien gérés par un ménage.L’étude se propose d’évaluer la gestion des déchets médicaux des ménages (DMM) dans la zone de santé de Kananga, en RD Congo. Pour y parvenir, nous avons soumis 384 chefs des ménages tirés dans 7 aires de santé de février à juin 2024, à un questionnaire d’enquête.Il est ressorti que 76,3% des ménages stockent les déchets médicaux. Le principal motif deprocuration des produits médicaux est l’automédication (36,1% des accumulateurs), principalement pour soigner les pathologies infectieuses et les symptômes courants (87%) ainsi que la diarrhée (71,7%).Les déchets pharmaceutiques sont les plus accumulés (93,9%). La majorité des ménages (80,2%) stockent les DMM pendant très longtemps, dont seulement 4,8% dans une poubelle appropriée. La technique d’élimination la plus utilisée est l’enfouissement (68,9%). La plupart des sujets (68,2%) connaissent au moins un danger des DMM, principalement les risques d’intoxication (60,2%), d’infection (59,9%) et de traumatismes (58,6%).La modélisation de la gestion des déchets médicaux des ménages par les autorités étatiques et son application rigoureuse et contraignante, ainsi que la prise de conscience de la population peuvent contribuer à l’amélioration de la situation.

KeyWords: 
Déchets médicaux des ménages, Stockage, Médicaments, Enfouissement, Poubelle à DASRI, Automédication.