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LE KALITA BETSILEO, AU DÉFI DE LA LECTURE ISOTOPIQUE ?

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Author: 
Georges Joseph RAZAFIMAMONJY
Country: 
Madagascar
Volume & Issue: 
Volume 06, Issue 10, October 2024
Page No: 
7122-7128
Abstract: 

Nous étudierons une forme d’expression originale dans le système littéraire malgache betsileo : le Kalita, une forme simple de type proverbial ponctuant les autres formes du genre majeur betsileo comme le Kabary [discours oratoire de circonstance], le Sokela [discours rituel], le Rija[chant populaire traditionnel betsileo]. Sur la forme, le Kalitaa trait à un jeu poétique répondant à un certain nombre de critères formels de composition qui permettent de souligner sa nature poétique. Il se présente sous la forme d’une unité strophique minimaliste qui appareille deux vers à rime plate. À son échelle, il explore un jeu complexe de rimes fondé sur le parallélisme proche de l’holorime. Sur le fond, ila trait à une composition épigrammatique à fonction argumentative constituée d’un couple prémisse-conclusion qui semble n’entretenir aucun lien évident sauf formel, rapport formel que nous avons envisagé dans les deux sens de l’expression : comme mode de pensée et comme figure de pensée. Il s’agit d’un rapport qui problématise la dialectique de la forme et du fond entendue sous l’angle de l’activité signifiante du langage au point de poser un défi à la lecture isotopique. L’essai de résolution de ce problème nous a conduit à adopter la démarche de l’analyse sémantique que nous avons menée dans le cadre théorique de la sémantique interprétative de François RASTIER.

KeyWords: 
Kalita, oraliture betsileo, isotopie, sens, signification.